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Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning VII
July 1-6, 2007 - Tomar, Portugal
| Editors: |
Hans Müller-Steinhagen, Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, German Aerospace Centre (DLR)
and Institute for Thermodynamics and Thermal Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Germany
M. Reza Malayeri, University of Stuttgart, Germany
A. Paul Watkinson, The University of British Columbia, Canada |
The articles for these proceedings are peer-reviewed.
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FORMATION OF GUM AND DEPOSITS IN AN OXYGENATED NAPHTHA STREAM
Yonghua Li, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z3
Paul Watkinson, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z3
Patricio Herrera, NOVA Chemicals Research and Technology Centre, NOVA Chemicals Corporation, 2928-16 ST. NE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2E 7K7
Feridoun Fahiminia, NOVA Chemicals Research and Technology Centre, NOVA Chemicals Corporation, 2928-16 ST. NE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2E 7K7
Morgan James, NOVA Chemicals Research and Technology Centre, NOVA Chemicals Corporation, 2928-16 ST. NE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2E 7K7
ABSTRACT:
Gums formed when organic fluids are in contact with
air can cause fouling of process equipment. The oxidation
and formation of gum in a naphtha stream was studied in a
stirred batch reactor as a function of temperature (96 to
130ºC) and at a total pressure of 584 kPa. Mixtures of air
and nitrogen in the pressurizing gas gave dissolved oxygen
contents in the range 10-270 ppm wt. Peroxide and existent
(dissolved) gum contents were measured over periods of up
to 80 hours. Rates of reaction were low, with maximum
concentrations of peroxide typically below 4 meq/L, and
gum formation rates of 4-5 mg/L-h. Fouling experiments
were attempted in a re-circulation loop equipped with either
steam or electrically heated annular probes. With bulk
temperatures of about 90ºC, and test section pressures of
825 kPa, initial surface temperatures from 125oC to 185ºC
were investigated. At lower surface temperatures, no
significant decline in heat transfer coefficient was
measured, and deposits were recovered only from the dead
zones at the ends of the annular unit after times up to 450h.
At higher surface temperatures of 185ºC, rapid fouling
occurred when dissolved gum content had reached ~2300
mg/L. Gum and deposit analyses were similar, showing
oxygen contents of about 20% wt., and carbon contents of
71% wt. Further experimentation is needed to link the gum
formation step with the fouling rate.
Yonghua Li, Paul Watkinson, Patricio Herrera, Feridoun Fahiminia, and Morgan James, "FORMATION OF GUM AND DEPOSITS IN AN OXYGENATED NAPHTHA STREAM" in "Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning VII", Hans Müller-Steinhagen, Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, German Aerospace Centre (DLR)
and Institute for Thermodynamics and Thermal Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Germany
M. Reza Malayeri, University of Stuttgart, Germany
A. Paul Watkinson, The University of British Columbia, Canada
Eds, ECI
Symposium Series, Volume RP5 (2007). http://services.bepress.com/eci/heatexchanger2007/12
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